{"id":10659,"date":"2020-08-01T20:09:58","date_gmt":"2020-08-01T19:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/?p=10659"},"modified":"2020-08-24T18:56:06","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T17:56:06","slug":"deux-mille-ans-de-papaute","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/2020\/08\/01\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute\/","title":{"rendered":"Deux mille ans de Papaut\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5><strong>Conf\u00e9rences\u00a02020-2021<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Pierre-Alain Mallet\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">___________________________________________________________<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10932 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Basilique_Saint-Pierre_Vatican_dome-CAC1WEB-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"D\u00f4me de la basilique Saint-Pierre du Vatican, Italie\" width=\"152\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Basilique_Saint-Pierre_Vatican_dome-CAC1WEB-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Basilique_Saint-Pierre_Vatican_dome-CAC1WEB.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 152px) 100vw, 152px\" \/>Rien ne pr\u00e9disposait l&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00eaque de Rome \u00e0 devenir l&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 supr\u00eame d&rsquo;une religion n\u00e9e en Palestine et fortement ancr\u00e9e dans une spiritualit\u00e9 orientale. La partition de l&rsquo;Empire romain puis les invasions germaniques donn\u00e8rent l&rsquo;occasion au pape de devenir en m\u00eame temps une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence religieuse et le chef d&rsquo;un Etat. L&rsquo;institution \u00e9volua depuis lors entre spiritualit\u00e9 et politique selon les \u00e9poques ou les temp\u00e9raments. Souvent remise en cause et contest\u00e9e, la papaut\u00e9 sut s&rsquo;adapter en enjeux changeants de la Chr\u00e9tient\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h5><a href=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/event\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Calibri;\"><strong><u><span style=\"color: #0066cc;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">1er octobre\u00a02020<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/a><em><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Calibri;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<strong><em>L&rsquo;invention de la Papaut\u00e9<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Calibri;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Calibri;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-10672\" src=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/InventionPape-WEB-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"InventionPape-WEB\" width=\"180\" height=\"135\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pour lutter contre les schismes et h\u00e9r\u00e9sies, l\u2019Eglise des premiers temps mis en avant l\u2019enseignement des ap\u00f4tres. En Occident, seul le patriarche de Rome pouvait se pr\u00e9valoir de cette tradition \u00e0 travers le souvenir de Pierre. La lutte contre l\u2019Eglise orientale aboutit \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation du concept de papaut\u00e9.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">___________________________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 class=\"alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/event\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><u>8 octobre 2020<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<strong><em>La Papaut\u00e9 face \u00e0 la f\u00e9odalit\u00e9\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10674 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Papaut\u00e9-feodalite-CA-300x264.jpg\" alt=\"Papaut\u00e9-feodalite-CA\" width=\"180\" height=\"159\" \/>Face aux invasions, la papaut\u00e9 dut n\u00e9gocier des alliances avec les\u00a0pouvoirs politiques en mettant son autorit\u00e9 morale au service de la l\u00e9gitimation des princes europ\u00e9ens. Mais si Charlemagne sut mettre le pape \u00e0 son service, les successeurs sur le tr\u00f4ne de Pierre tent\u00e8rent d\u2019imposer leur puissance \u00e0 des souverains plus\u00a0faibles. C\u2019est cette rivalit\u00e9 constante qui imposa la papaut\u00e9 sur l\u2019\u00e9chiquier europ\u00e9en.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">__________________________________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/event\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><u>5\u00a0novembre 2020<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<strong><em>Les Papes face aux \u00e9preuves<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10681 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/PapesetEpreuves-CA-289x300.jpg\" alt=\"PapesetEpreuves-CA\" width=\"180\" height=\"187\" \/>A travers la d\u00eeme, l\u2019imp\u00f4t pontifical, la papaut\u00e9 est devenue une puissance \u00e9conomique jalous\u00e9e, m\u00eame au sein de l\u2019Eglise. L\u2019exil des papes \u00e0 Avignon, le Grand schisme puis la R\u00e9forme sont autant d\u2019\u00e9preuves qui remirent en cause le r\u00f4le que la papaut\u00e9 avait impos\u00e9. Entre tentation th\u00e9ocratique, et lutte contre le c\u00e9saro-papisme, un m\u00e9c\u00e9nat outrancier et des ambitions politiques, rythment et red\u00e9finissent ce que doit \u00eatre un pape, en Italie et en Europe.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">_____________________________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Calibri;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/event\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute-4\/\">12\u00a0 novembre 2020<\/a><\/u>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><em>Les Papes apr\u00e8s le\u00a0Concile de Trente\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10709 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Apr\u00e8sConcileTrente-WEB-300x222.jpg\" alt=\"Apr\u00e8sConcileTrente-WEB\" width=\"180\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Apr\u00e8sConcileTrente-WEB-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Apr\u00e8sConcileTrente-WEB.jpg 448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/>Le catholicisme triomphant de la Contre-R\u00e9forme impose la figure d\u2019un pape tout puissant sur un appareil d\u2019Eglise r\u00e9organis\u00e9. La volont\u00e9 d\u2019universalisme pousse les pontifes \u00e0 une grande action missionnaire. Mais ils devront affronter la mont\u00e9e des absolutismes ainsi\u00a0 que de l\u2019Encyclop\u00e9disme. Elle luttera contre l\u2019esprit de la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise et la s\u00e9cularisation mais aussi contre la volont\u00e9 d\u2019unit\u00e9 des Italiens.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">________________________________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/event\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute-5\/\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><u>19 novembre 2020<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<strong><em>La Papaut\u00e9 au 20\u00e8me\u00a0si\u00e8cle\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10707 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Jean-Paul-II-WEB-238x300.jpg\" alt=\"Jean-Paul II-WEB\" width=\"140\" height=\"176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Jean-Paul-II-WEB-238x300.jpg 238w, https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Jean-Paul-II-WEB.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 140px) 100vw, 140px\" \/>Avec la perte des Etats Pontificaux, le pape quitte sa dimension de chef d\u2019Etat pour redevenir une puissance spirituelle. Les pontifes deviennent infaillibles et resserrent le dogme autour de leur fonction. Ils apparaissent \u00e9galement comme des m\u00e9diateurs en p\u00e9riode de conflit avant de se lancer dans l\u2019aventure de l\u2019\u0153cum\u00e9nisme. Si Vatican II fait entrer la papaut\u00e9 dans la modernit\u00e9, la personnalit\u00e9 de Jean-Paul II domine la fin du XXe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Conf\u00e9rences\u00a02020-2021\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Pierre-Alain Mallet\u00a0 ___________________________________________________________ Rien ne pr\u00e9disposait l&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00eaque de Rome \u00e0 devenir l&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 supr\u00eame d&rsquo;une religion n\u00e9e en Palestine et fortement ancr\u00e9e dans une spiritualit\u00e9 orientale. La partition de l&rsquo;Empire romain puis les invasions germaniques donn\u00e8rent l&rsquo;occasion au pape de devenir en m\u00eame temps une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence religieuse et le chef &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/2020\/08\/01\/deux-mille-ans-de-papaute\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Deux mille ans de Papaut\u00e9<\/span>  <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[77],"class_list":["post-10659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-conferences","tag-al"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10659"}],"version-history":[{"count":41,"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10659\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10961,"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10659\/revisions\/10961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artsetculture.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}